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            <ol class="post-toc"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-2"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#Spring-Cloud构建微服务架构：服务消费（基础）【Dalston版】"><span class="post-toc-number">1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">Spring Cloud构建微服务架构：服务消费（基础）【Dalston版】</span></a><ol class="post-toc-child"><li class="post-toc-item post-toc-level-3"><a class="post-toc-link" href="#使用LoadBalancerClient"><span class="post-toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="post-toc-text">使用LoadBalancerClient</span></a></li></ol></li></ol>
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        <h1 class="post-card-title">SpringCloud服务消费基础</h1>
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            <time class="post-time" title="2017年07月26日 15:11" datetime="2017-07-26T07:11:49.000Z"  itemprop="datePublished">2017-07-26</time>

            


            
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            <h2 id="Spring-Cloud构建微服务架构：服务消费（基础）【Dalston版】"><a href="#Spring-Cloud构建微服务架构：服务消费（基础）【Dalston版】" class="headerlink" title="Spring Cloud构建微服务架构：服务消费（基础）【Dalston版】"></a>Spring Cloud构建微服务架构：服务消费（基础）【Dalston版】</h2><p>程序猿DD-翟永超|博客转载(<a href="http://blog.didispace.com/spring-cloud-starter-dalston-2-1/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://blog.didispace.com/spring-cloud-starter-dalston-2-1/</a>)<br>通过上一篇《Spring Cloud构建微服务架构：服务注册与发现》，我们已经成功地将服务提供者：eureka-client或consul-client注册到了Eureka服务注册中心或Consul服务端上了，同时我们也通过DiscoveryClient接口的getServices获取了当前客户端缓存的所有服务清单，那么接下来我们要学习的就是：如何去消费服务提供者的接口？</p>
<h3 id="使用LoadBalancerClient"><a href="#使用LoadBalancerClient" class="headerlink" title="使用LoadBalancerClient"></a>使用LoadBalancerClient</h3><p>在Spring Cloud Commons中提供了大量的与服务治理相关的抽象接口，包括DiscoveryClient、这里我们即将介绍的LoadBalancerClient等。对于这些接口的定义我们在上一篇介绍服务注册与发现时已经说过，Spring Cloud做这一层抽象，很好的解耦了服务治理体系，使得我们可以轻易的替换不同的服务治理设施。<br>从LoadBalancerClient接口的命名中，我们就知道这是一个负载均衡客户端的抽象定义，下面我们就看看如何使用Spring Cloud提供的负载均衡器客户端接口来实现服务的消费。<br>下面的例子，我们将利用上一篇中构建的eureka-server作为服务注册中心、eureka-client作为服务提供者作为基础。<br>我们先来创建一个服务消费者工程，命名为：eureka-consumer。并在pom.xml中引入依赖（这里省略了parent和dependencyManagement的配置）：<br> <figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&lt;dependencies&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;dependency&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.cloud&lt;/groupId&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-cloud-starter-eureka&lt;/artifactId&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;/dependency&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;dependency&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-web&lt;/artifactId&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;/dependency&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;dependency&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;groupId&gt;org.springframework.boot&lt;/groupId&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;artifactId&gt;spring-boot-starter-actuator&lt;/artifactId&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;/dependency&gt;</div><div class="line">&lt;/dependencies&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置application.properties，指定eureka注册中心的地址：<br> <figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">spring.application.name=eureka-consumer</div><div class="line">server.port=2101</div><div class="line">eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:1001/eureka/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>创建应用主类。初始化RestTemplate，用来真正发起REST请求。@EnableDiscoveryClient注解用来将当前应用加入到服务治理体系中<br> <figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">@EnableDiscoveryClient</div><div class="line">@SpringBootApplication</div><div class="line">public class Application &#123;</div><div class="line">	@Bean</div><div class="line">	public RestTemplate <span class="function"><span class="title">restTemplate</span></span>() &#123;</div><div class="line">		<span class="built_in">return</span> new RestTemplate();</div><div class="line">	&#125;</div><div class="line">	public static void main(String[] args) &#123;</div><div class="line">		new SpringApplicationBuilder(Application.class).web(<span class="literal">true</span>).run(args);</div><div class="line">	&#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>创建一个接口用来消费eureka-client提供的接口：<br> <figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">@RestController</div><div class="line">public class DcController &#123;</div><div class="line">    @Autowired</div><div class="line">    LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;</div><div class="line">    @Autowired</div><div class="line">    RestTemplate restTemplate;</div><div class="line">    @GetMapping(<span class="string">"/consumer"</span>)</div><div class="line">    public String <span class="function"><span class="title">dc</span></span>() &#123;</div><div class="line">        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose(<span class="string">"eureka-client"</span>);</div><div class="line">        String url = <span class="string">"http://"</span> + serviceInstance.getHost() + <span class="string">":"</span> + serviceInstance.getPort() + <span class="string">"/dc"</span>;</div><div class="line">        System.out.println(url);</div><div class="line">        <span class="built_in">return</span> restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);</div><div class="line">    &#125;</div><div class="line">&#125;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>可以看到这里，我们注入了LoadBalancerClient和RestTemplate，并在/consumer接口的实现中，先通过loadBalancerClient的choose函数来负载均衡的选出一个eureka-client的服务实例，这个服务实例的基本信息存储在ServiceInstance中，然后通过这些对象中的信息拼接出访问/dc接口的详细地址，最后再利用RestTemplate对象实现对服务提供者接口的调用。<br>在完成了上面你的代码编写之后，读者可以将eureka-server、eureka-client、eureka-consumer都启动起来，然后访问<a href="http://localhost:2101/consumer" target="_blank" rel="external">http://localhost:2101/consumer</a> ，来跟踪观察eureka-consumer服务是如何消费eureka-client服务的/dc接口的。</p>

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